The "12 Monkeys" theory refers to the narrative structure and themes of the 1995 film "Twelve Monkeys," directed by Terry Gilliam. The movie explores time travel, mental illness, and the nature of reality as it follows a convict named James Cole, who is sent back to the past to gather information about a deadly virus that wipes out most of humanity. The theory suggests that the film examines the cyclical nature of time, the consequences of human actions, and the idea of fate versus free will, highlighting how past events can shape the future.

"Twelve Monkeys" is widely regarded as a good movie, praised for its intriguing plot, strong performances, particularly by Bruce Willis and Brad Pitt, and thought-provoking themes. Directed by Terry Gilliam, the film explores time travel, mental health, and the nature of reality in a post-apocalyptic world. Its complex narrative and atmospheric style have earned it a cult following since its release in 1995. Critics and audiences appreciate its blend of science fiction and psychological drama, making it a notable entry in the genre.

In "Twelve Monkeys," the virus is a lethal pathogen known as the "Army of the Twelve Monkeys virus," which is responsible for wiping out 99% of the human population in the year 1996. The virus is released by a mysterious group called the Army of the Twelve Monkeys, leading to a global pandemic. In the film, the protagonist, James Cole, is sent back in time from a dystopian future to gather information about the virus and its origins to help scientists develop a cure.

The title "Twelve Monkeys" refers to a group known as the Army of the Twelve Monkeys, which plays a key role in the film's plot. This group is associated with the release of a deadly virus that wipes out most of humanity in the future. The protagonist, James Cole, is sent back in time to gather information about the virus and its origins, ultimately leading him to uncover the motivations and actions of this organization. The name symbolizes the chaos and unpredictability of time and the impact of human actions.