Born in New York City in 1927, he began his acting career as a child on Broadway. His transition to film and television in the 1950s showcased his versatility. Notable film roles include "One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest" and "Fantastic Voyage." He was also a founding member of the legendary Actors Studio. In addition to acting, he authored "Letters from an Actor," providing insights into the craft. His career was cut short by leukemia, leading to his passing in 1976.